My Life Flight Nurse Is Not A Smoke Jumper - 1722 Words

As we grow up, we change our careers at least once, maybe twice or even three times before we realize what we want to be. When I was little, I was fascinated with being a speech and language pathologist but then I grew a little taller and discovered smoke jumping. And up until my senior year in high school I wanted to be a smoke jumper. But by the end of my senior year, I finally found my career; a life flight nurse. Having a strict schedule, great job security, being people oriented, and having an independent job are the things I look for most when I’m looking at career options. I want a schedule where I can easily have an idea of what hours I will be working before the schedule is printed. I am also looking for great job security in the fact that if I am going to be going to school, I want to be able to do it once and be very good at it. I don’t want to have to switch through jobs because my current career isn’t holding out based on the world. I like helping pe ople and I want to be able to save the ones I can. I am a very independent person and I would like to do a job where I have my own independent time where I can take control and learn from my own mistakes, but because I am also people oriented, I also would like to have a select few co-works that I can touch base with to make sure I am on the right track with my thinking. Life flight nurses need to be able to evaluate patients’ needs as well as be able to provide them with proper medical care and treatment untilShow MoreRelatedFrench Terms for Ib Sl French B8316 Words   |  34 Pageslocal area Life in the home; friends and relationships Local area, facilities and getting around Topic Area 2 Health and sport Sport, outdoor pursuits and healthy lifestyle Food and drink as aspects of culture and health Topic Area 3 Leisure and entertainment (includes online) Socialising, special occasions and festivals TV, films and music Topic Area 4 Travel and the wider world Holidays and exchanges Environmental, cultural and social issues Topic Area 5 Education and work School life in the UKRead MoreW1 Active Adj14109 Words   |  57 Pagesv S3, W3 firm adj S3, W2 firm n S1, W1 first adj S1, W1 first adv S1, W2 firstly adv S3 fish n S1, W1 fish v S3 fishing n S3 fit adj S2, W3 fit v S1, W2 fix v S2, W2 fixed adj S3, W3 flash v S3 flat adj S2, W2 flat n S2, W3 flavour n W3 flesh n W3 flight n S3, W2 flood v W3 floor n S1, W1 flow n S3, W2 flow v W3 flower n S2, W2 fly v S2, W2 focus n S3, W2 focus v S3, W2 fold v W3 folk n S2, W3 follow v S1, W1 following adj S3, W1 food n S1, W1 foot n S1, W1 football n S1, W2 for prep S1, W1 forceRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagestrademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Used herein under license. Library of Congress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ€"   To my nephews, Jesse and Luke Smidt, who bet I wouldn’t put their names in this book. R. P. ââ€"   To my wife, Sally, and my daughter, Anna C. O. ââ€"   To Carol, Allie, and Teri. J. D. ââ€"   About the Authors puter Teacher of the Year award in 1988 and received the Siemens Award for Advanced Placement in mathematics

Essay about Schwetzingen Castle and Mythology - 931 Words

Schwetzingen Castle and Mythology: The Connection The beauty and history of the grounds at Schwetzingen Castle is unmistakable. There is a deep history part of its roots in mythology. There are over one hundred statues that decorate the property with many that depict some kind of god, hero or representation of something in mythology. There are also many examples of other cultures scattered around the grounds. The way they are portrayed, their faces and poses tell the story of how they were perceived by their creators. The original castle, built in 1350, showed none of the potential that the future grounds would hold. In its beginning, it was merely a small castle with a moat, one of many such structures in Europe at the time. It was the†¦show more content†¦Apollo has his own temple on the grounds, whereas Zeus was limited to a single statue and simple fountain to represent his reign. The temple of Apollo is an open domed building with twelve pillars holding up the dome. Apollo is depicted in the middle by a marble statue. He is playing his harp and looking beautiful. Being that Apollo is the god of light, the top of the dome is a sun radiating its light outward. Apollo is shown without any expression on his face. I can imagine him playing his music in peace and harmony until he finds that Agamemnon has dishonored his priest by keeping the daughter of the priest. Apollo was then filled with rage and anger in his heart and filling the Greek soldiers with arrows from his silver bow. Beforehand, he is the soul of tranquility, now he is the bringer of death to the land. Athena also has a temple located on the grounds of the garden. Though it is called the temple of Minerva, the statue within its walls houses a spear and an owl. As she is the god of wisdom and war, these are her symbols. Minerva is the equivalent of Athena in Roman mythology. Her temple is much larger than the temple of Apollo. This should be so as Pigage designed the property, with the help of many renowned architects and scholars, as pl ace of contemplation and reverence. The last statue that is related to mythology that is located in the gardens is the statue of the Sphinx. The Sphinx is a monster with the head of a woman, the body of a

Economic Analysis of Anthem and Kaiser Permanente Free Essays

Economic Analysis of Anthem and Kaiser Permanente Abstract This paper is an economic analysis of healthcare providers Anthem and Kaiser Permanente. Included will be information on competition, pricing and the effects of elasticity of demand has on both companies. Introduction One of the major concerns facing Americans today is the discussion of healthcare and how employers can afford to purchase healthcare for their employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Analysis of Anthem and Kaiser Permanente or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the recent approval of President Barack Obama’s Healthcare Reform Bill, it has placed added pressure on both small and large business owners to provide insurance for their employees or be faced with tax penalties. The healthcare industry is an oligopoly meaning that there are few firms involved in the marketplace and they hold a substantial portion of the marketplace. They understand that their industry is interdependent and every decision or action made will have rippling affects on the other firms. They too will choose to make changes to keep their standing in the marketplace. In the healthcare industry, the two major companies are Anthem and Kaiser Permanente (Thomas Maurice, 2011). Pricing Competition When looking at companies that do business in oligopoly, there are many traits that they resemble. Their prices will remain relatively the same as their competitors, and lower then those companies that deal in a monopoly (www. yourdictionary. com). Both Anthem and Kaiser Permanente are highly competitive in their standings in the marketplace. Everything from their marketing efforts to their pricing is geared toward gaining a bigger share of the marketplace. Prices are one of the major differences between both companies. Prices for both companies are generated through underwriting and governed by community ratings. These ratings are surveys are conducted in the community where the companies serve to help determine the general health of their customers and potential risks. Premiums will be adjusted yearly based on the number of claims filed and funds needed to continue the coverage of their customers (www. alliedquotes. com 2008). Although prices for treatments are generally the same, savings can be found through Kaiser Permanente because most of their services are done in one of their medical facilities. Game Theory Elasticity of Demand The new mandate passed through congress requires employers and American citizens to have healthcare, the demand of elasticity has little play. Everyone has to have healthcare and therefore the demand will remain constant. The prices for specific plans may vary slightly causing customers to select Kaiser over Anthem so with healthcare it will show inelasticity because it is considered a necessity. In order for both firms to gain an edge in the marketplace and in their prices they will use game theory. Game theory is a tool used in decision making in which both firms or â€Å"players† try to win the biggest payoff, in this case more customers. Game theory used by Kaiser is ensuring they have more doctors in one location that can perform more services for their customers. By allowing their customers to save money from going to outside firms to perform additional test and to receive treatment, Kaiser offers all of its services in one location at a lower rate (Thomas Maurice, 2011). For Anthem, they have many different locations and a customer will have to go to different doctors, make appointments, and wait to get scheduled before they are seen. This major difference is what makes Kaiser popular, the ease in which a customer can receive treatment. Profit The original concern from the public as it comes to healthcare is the cost of obtaining and sustaining healthcare. Many found that when faced with a major illness, they were either under-insured or simply could not afford the treatment. With the current healthcare changes, the prices will be lowered and more affordable. This makes the profits generated from selling healthcare plans less about maximizing profits for the industry and more towards suboptimal equilibrium with everyone generally making the same profit except for larger firms who can afford to spend more to generate interest in their firm. With suboptimal equilibrium all firms in the healthcare industry will generally choose to stay on a similar path as far as prices and profits. Firms will differ in profits, however, based off other factors like size of the firm and marketing efforts (Thomas Maurice, 2011). Competition and the Consumer With every business, there will always be competition. Competition is great for customers because they will be the benefactors of the competing firms. Firms in the industry compete over coverage instead of price. Competition between firms will take place in advertisements on television and in the print media. Doctors will refer certain providers to their customers or they will choose to opt in to certain HMOs or choose to stay outside the network. Also firms that offer plans that cover more of the customers’ needs at the lowest rates will generally gain and retain more customers. Yet with a large firm like Anthem, their firm is widely known and they have larger budgets to continue their company’s growth in customers. Conclusion Americans are just now starting to understand the new implications of the Healthcare Reform. Addressing the needs of the American people and reducing the costs of healthcare and making sure all pay their share so the burden does not fall on the government is intended to help reduce the strain on the economy and make being healthy more affordable for the citizens of the United States. References: Oligopoly Examples. (n. d. ). In YourDictionary. com. Retrieved August 5, 2012, from http://examples. yourdictionary. com/oligopoly-examples. html Thomas, C. R. , Maurice, S. C. (2011). Managerial economics (10th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Calculating Group Health Insurance. (2008, October). In Allied Quotes. com. Retrieved August 4, 2012, from http://www. alliedquotes. com/Resources/Group-Health- Insurance-Rates. html How to cite Economic Analysis of Anthem and Kaiser Permanente, Essay examples

Do We Need a World Environment Organization free essay sample

We do need a world environmental organization, and there are lots of reasons that prove this to be the right choice. | Albert Asllani International Relations, sect. # 10 Prof. Bill Wechsler Essay Assignment October 28, 2010 Do We Need a World Environmental Organization? The environmental issues and especially the global environmental problems, in the last years are being aroused at an increasing rate. Considering the facts that the earth’s environment is heavily interdependent, no matter where the problems may emerge sooner or later these problems will become global problems. The earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere and in general the biosphere itself are related with one another; so the balance of the environment will be broken if the standards are not kept, globally speaking. Natural resources from the land, ocean and air are continuously regionally and/or globally shared. Hence, if there would be negative effects they would be shared regionally and/or globally. Our planet has a balance of life and a balance of how things go on, but with the development of humans this balance is being lost, at least until nowadays. Furthermore, we the humans are the primary destroyers of the earth’s environment. We do need to use the natural resource on our planet, because of our needs. But, nevertheless this does not justify the damage we are causing to our own home the planet earth. Our potential of doing huge things has proved to be mean and evil as well. Millions of square meters of forests are destroyed, burned, massive CO2 amounts and of other harmful gasses are released every day from our equipments and facilities. All these are globally affecting the environment we are living in. As for worse, the development of the technology is not being used just for progressive and right causes; it is being used as well as for the creation of massive destruction weapon systems. Well, these are among the causes that damage the environment at a lower rate, but compared to nuclear weapon systems these are really not that bad. Even though, the negative effects that the emission of gases and of other factors are not to be not- taken into consideration, the negative effects of a nuclear weapon launch in the earth’s environment, are million times more negative and harmful for the earth’s environment. As an example, there were no cars and CO2 gas emissions years and years ago, but with the human population increasing and the need for transportation means the possibility of gas emission has been increased as well. So, some hundred years ago, the earth did not have all these equipments and vehicles that use as fuel liquid materials such as fossil oils are. Meantime, it did not have all this harmful gasses quantities released every day. Other examples are the cases of Hiroshima and Chernobyl, where nuclear materials have been exposed. The people of these places and the whole world are witnesses of the damages caused by the nuclear blasts; people still witness the nightmare in the environment. Besides the short- run damages they cause, there are long- term damages to and these are the worst. Besides the facts mentioned above, there are others that do affect the environment in one or another way. Hence, all these factors are continuously compounding their damage and affecting the global environment. The overall emission of CO2 in the world step by step is affecting the ozone layer to be reduced, and the creating of holes in this layer. All these causes are being associated with one another affecting the overall state of the world’s environment. â€Å"With climate change manifesting itself in the melting of Arctic glaciers and the drowning of small Pacific islands, in widespread species extinction, forest loss, desertification, and impending water shortages, the scope of environmental problems has changed. †(Goffman, par. 1) Therefore, because this scope has changed us humans as leaders of this planet have to change to, our view towards resolving these problems must be changed. The worst scenario which unfortunately is very much possible may be that the changes on the earth are heading us towards a state of impossible or difficult regress. The human activity, its impact on the change of the earth’s environment is also being an influence in other natural processes. Furthermore, â€Å"[r] recently, Hurricane Katrina provided a dreadful example of how human alterations multiply natural impacts. †(Goffman, par 1) ‘[T]he only question is whether the worlds environmental problems will become resolved in pleasant ways of our own choice, or in unpleasant ways uch as warfare, genocide, starvation, disease epidemics, and collapses of societies. ’(qtd. in Goffman, par. 2) Well considering the ongoing events on the global perspective the worst option is the most possible to happen. On the other hand, for these environmental problems to be solved, states must have good international relationships. It is the international system that must take decisions on where to act or not, towards changing the future of the global environment towards a better one. Because the environment itself is globalized throughout the world, the damage caused in the environment is spread out. Hence, the environmental problems must be globalized in terms of facing, thinking, and contributing in solving the problems; they must be understood and seen by everyone. â€Å"International environmental responsibilities and activities are spread across multiple organizations, including the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), numerous other UN agencies, the international financing institutions, and the World Trade Organization. (Ivanova and Roy, p. 1) Whereas, we do agree on having local organizations, but as well having global organizations that will do their best in finding a global common best solution for the global environmental problems. According to Esty and Ivanova, until now we have dealt with poor performance when taking action towards responding to global environmental problems, such as the case of global scale pollution and natural resource management challenge. (p. ) Hence, this has given incentive for re- considering the global instruments for controlling global environmental issues. â€Å"Both former Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev and French President Jacques Chirac have urged the establishment of a Global Environmental Organization. †(Esty and Ivanova, p. 1) This approval between President Chirac and Gorbachev is a proof of the fact that the international system is facing new changes, such as this urge of creating new institutions in the international system that would control the global environmental issues. Even though, world has had numerous organizations, treaties, conventions and other instruments the nowadays environmental management system has failed in addressing and solving the problems e. g. transboundary pollution overflows and shared resources. (Esty and Ivanova, 4) As an example of such organizations is the UNEP (United Nations Environmental Program). â€Å"The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), whose mandate is to coordinate the United Nations (UN) environmental activities, is closest to being the leading global environmental authority. Furthermore, â€Å"[w]ithin this complex international system for environmental governance there is no single organization that possesses the authority or political strength to effectively coordinate all international environmental efforts (Inomata, 2008). † According to Vijge the top reasons why many believe that UNEP lacks the potentials to fulfill the role as being the supreme authority in global environmental issues are the insufficient budget, and weak legal status. (p. 1) Therefore, in my opinion, I strongly agree that we do need a world environmental organization for several reasons. Firstly, the importance of the existence of this organization is very high because of the growing mutuality between states, flows of coercive actions at a global scale, coordination and rules applied to all states. The international system is built upon interdependence, so the organization of environmental issues would positively increase the interdependence between states in the system. Furthermore, because these environmental problems we are having are also so- called global problems, there should be a global organization that would take the lead on behalf of all the states. Based on the fact that the problems are being created by us the – states, the people, the participants in the international system, the states must be the ones who give solutions to these problems. When comparing the nowadays system of international politics and mutuality of states with the earlier ones, we do notice that the world day after day is becoming more and more globalized. The technology, economy, education, security and other fields are the main linking chains of this growing interdependence. States are becoming strongly related with one another, and thus the need of having international structures of politics and strategies is becoming inevitable. Also, the environmental problems we are facing and probably we will face in the future, are caused as a result of all states contributing on their creation e. g. the CO2 emission, deforestation, the greenhouse effect, and the worse the nuclear blasts. Thus, it is a mutual interest for all the states to have a global mean of controlling the causes of such environmental problems. On the other hand, we need a global environmental organization because of its ability to direct the flow of action to make changes. Until now there have been measures taken to reduce the harmful effects done in the environment, but all of these have ended being partly successful or unsuccessful at all. Thereof, we need a structure that will make decisions at a global scale. â€Å"For the past several centuries, humanity has been increasingly polluting air and water, altering Earth’s climate, eroding the soil, fragmenting and eliminating the habitat of plants and animals, and depleting the natural bank account of non-renewable resources. (Harte p. 1) And all these have lead to the fast destruction of the balance of life on planet earth, this way destroying the environment globally. And for the measures to have a positive impact, we need to have this global environmental organization. Without the mechanism that has its leaks on the international system, thus making changes on its policies and regulations, states will not actively act at the same time in the improve of the current state of the global environment. We are in need of a mechanism that acts coercively at a global scale. E. g. the fact the world every day is causing the ozone layer to be destroyed because harmful gasses emission; lets to understand that if a policy of universal ban on basis how much a country can emit these types of gasses would exist, and if there would be measures on keeping that balance we would not face this problem at this particular rate right now. The world needs firm actions to be taken to help prevent further destruction of the environment, and these actions must involve the whole world. Thus, stronger national, state/regional and local environmental performance is necessary, but cannot substitute for appropriate action at the global scale. †(Esty and Ivanova, p. 5) Whereas, the coordination and regulations applied to all, are further reasons why we need to have a global environmental organization. The world has limited resources that are to be shared with unlimited wants. With resources meaning in terms of all the resources the world has. And these resources must be efficiently allocated and guarded not to be destroyed. If there are not any policies or measures in guarding these resources, they will be unequally treated and sooner or later there will be unbalance. As an example, the fundamental resources such as air, land, forests are increasingly being impacted by the human population on earth the pollution of air is increasing, and as well the deforestation process. Forests and in general the flora, are a mean of regenerating the oxygen we breathe; but, by polluting the air and deforestation we are disabling this process of regeneration. And, this has a global impact, because ruins the balance of oxygen. Therefore, the international society must be aware of the importance if we would act globally in keeping these balances. The coordination is a key factor, and it is available only if we act globally. As such, we need a world environmental organization to provide coordination in policy making and action taking globally. â€Å"Global problems require international strategies and coordination, particularly for such goals as maintaining biodiversity, keeping the oceans clean, and lowering carbon emissions. †(Goffman, par. ) States must be connected at an international level so the problems can be evaluated from all the state members, and then rules and regulations will be applied by finding a common ground that is satisfactory for the whole international society. â€Å"Apart from regime-building and norm-setting, a WEO could also improve the overall implementation of international environmental policy, for example by a common comprehensive reporting system on the state of the environment and on the state of implementation in different countries, as well as by stronger efforts in raising public awareness. (Biermann p. 7) A difference will be made only if we reach the state of having the attention of all stakeholders in the international society, because as long as we try to make changes locally we will not achieve to protect the environment completely. Almost every society on earth has negatively contributed in the harm of the environment, and as such we all should participate in higher international structures that will take care of these problems. In addition, by creating world environmental organization we ease the chances of having a positive impact on saving the environment. Furthermore, all decisions and policies would be applied at the same time and to all states. â€Å"Global problems require international strategies and coordination, particularly for such goals as maintaining biodiversity, keeping the oceans clean, and lowering carbon emissions. †(Goffman, par. 3) Thus, this creates coordination between states and probably it is easier to stop the destruction of the environment. Also, a key to success is when developing policies and strategies, states/nations to be decisive and determined to apply the rules on all states. With a global environmental organization it is easier to control those who do not obey the rules. â€Å"Strengthening and/or reforming International Environmental Governance requires strong political will from nation-states, which ultimately decide about the future of the IEG system? †(Vijge p. 13) Secondly, a newly powered and authoritative policy making organization should be created to handle the variety of complex issues raised, and provide assistance in upgrading environmental capacities in non- developed states. Despite the current existing organizations, whether local or global the environment is not being spared of the damages and harms that are impacting it every day. The earlier legislative organizations that have dealt with global environmental issues have done a decent job, but still not enough compared to the job that must be done. The heaviness of problems has grown, along with the development of technology and science. Earlier, we had to take care of relatively small problems regarding the harm in the environment. But nowadays the science and technology have changed the way we live, and in the meantime the gravity of problems has grown up. Scientists have discovered new means of easing our lives, but also what is the most useful and the most dangerous new massive destruction weapon systems. And all of these have a huge impact on how things go-on on our environment, so for all of these issues to be managed there is need for some higher instance on the level of International Society to have a cohesive control upon all states. A newly powered global environmental organization that has all the privileges, legal power, financial support and a qualified crew is the most needed to help on managing global issues on environment. â€Å"In addition, a WEO could host the Clean Development Mechanism and the clearinghouse for the future emissions trading scheme under the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, which would reduce bureaucratic overlap, increase efficiency, and assist in preventing conflicts with other, non-climate related environmental problems. †(Biermann p. ) A strong justification for the need of the GEO/WEO (global/world environmental organization) is that the power of control will be handed to a single organization that would ease the means of communicating and coherent developing. On the other hand, the authoritative position of this organization among other structures in the international systems is another advantage on creating this GEO/WEO. â€Å"The world community would benefit from the presence of an authoritative environmental voice in the international arena and a recognized forum for national officials and other stakeholders to work cooperatively to address global issues†. Esty and Ivanova, p. 4) Because of the gravity of the issues, the international society needs to have a global voice appealing for a common cause, the cause of protecting the environment. Meantime, in this way the authority has an easier job on creating policies and addressing them to higher instances on the hierarchical system of the international society. With the policies developed and approved by higher international authorities on the environmental issues, the process of controlling the states what they can do and what they can’t is a lot easier. Rules and Laws would be the same for all the nations/ states and they would have standards e. g. how much gas can be emitted, if they can test nuclear weapons, policies on saving the oceans and fresh water etc. It is totally different if a particular policy e. g. on CO2 emitting would apply only on some states, and on all states. There is no huge positive impact on guarding the environment unless acting strongly and on the same level from all. It is not a success if we reach on minimizing the problems only in some areas, while doubling them on others; success is when we all are aware and understand the lessons. The world needs changes done globally and the environmental issue must be seen as important from all. â€Å"A GEO would be able to provide the framework for addressing collective action problems by (1) creating a policy space for continuous interaction among actors, (2) ensuring that multi-dimensional issues are addressed directly and with full participation, and (3) revealing the common interests of the parties through a continuous flow of information. †(Esty and Ivanova, p. 16) A GEO/WEO would have the ability of making decision based upon the events and the problems on the global environment. Thus, it is true that we do need this GEO/WEO instead of having states/nations making decisions locally with a global impact, it is better to make decisions globally with a global impact. This way we have a directed flow of actions. Moreover, the implementation and monitoring of these policies would be more efficient in the case of a GEO, because all the reports go to one place, they have the same address and as such the response would be the best for all, not the best for some. On the other hand, the structure of a GEO/WEO promises compactness and more ability in controlling the variety of complex issues that may rise in time. This compactness and ability is provided by the heads of the GEO who are members of these nations. Thus it is easier to control the actions of a state when it has agreed to be part of the international society rather than when it acts alone. As an example, there are states that contribute more than others in polluting the environment. But, with a GEO depicting international standards and limits, states have to agree and follow the rules. In addition, the capacities of a GEO are higher than of a state’s alone. Because of the continuous and sudden changes in the international society, world needs, a coherent decision making mechanism when dealing with complex issues such as nuclear weapons, CO2 emission, oceans pollution, fresh water depleting etc. These issues all have global impact and considering that they have to be solved and tracked at a global scale. According to Esty and Ivanova, thanks to the possibility of equally sharing common but differentiated responsibilities to the center of a GEO, leads to an improved fairness in balancing rights and responsibilities regarding transboundary environmental issues. p. 17) GEO tends to be inclusive in terms of dealing with environmental problems of the global society. This proves that a GEO is needed because it will help in developing the left- behind countries on their environmental programs. Strengthening the potentials on dealing with local and global environmental problems in developing countries is a core function of a GEO. â€Å"[H]umanity is degrading environmental goods and services such as clean water, air, soil, and biodiversity, and simultaneously reducing the capacity of natural processes to replenish these contributors to the quality of life. †(Harte p. 3) Thus a GEO will assist in improving the overall state of the global environment, but as well assists the developing countries to catch the pace of the developed countries. In conclusion, world is in desperate need of a Global Environmental Organization. Besides the fact that there are current international organizations that are similar to the idea of a GEO, there are no proper organizations that would have the ability and power to deal with global environmental problems. As an example, the UNEP (The United Nations Environmental Programme) lacks the financial stability and the legislative power. Thus, we need a GEO. The main facts why I agree in having a GEO are, because of the gravity of the issues it is a mutual interest of all states to have a GEO, it enables a flow of coercive actions taken at a global scale, it easies the coordination between states/ nations, and the rules and regulations are applied to all nations. Furthermore, it would be a new and powered organization accepted by all, because its span is global, it easies the process of managing complex issues, and is a tool of helping development in developing countries. Hence, to save the environment from further destruction world needs a structure that will include all nations and apply for all nations. Finally, I agree in having a GEO because I think it is the easiest way to get a global awareness on environmental issues. Then, I believe that states must be controlled by a higher instance so they cannot do what they want, because in this way they are harming the environment and being irresponsible. And the last, having a centralized power and a structure that develops and implements policies on a global scale, I believe is with a huge impact and can really change how things are developing.

What are Savings Bonds Essay Example For Students

What are Savings Bonds? Essay The United States established savings bonds, known then as warbonds, in 1941 to help to pay for the huge expenses it incurred duringWorld War II. Today, savings bonds still help keep the government wheelsrunning smoothly. Savings bonds are a debt instrument of the U.S. Government, issued as savings certificates to individual investors in smallamounts. Savings bond certificates bear face value denominations rangingfrom $50 to $10,000. Since they are backed by the full faith and credit ofthe Federal Government, savings bonds are among the safest investmentspeople can find. The U.S. Government is unlikely to default; and even if you lose yoursavings bond certificate, the Government will often replace it, especiallyif you can provide such information as the serial number, issuance date,address and Social Security number of the owner. Another major advantageof savings bonds is that they are an accessible investment for almostanyone, since you can buy savings bonds in amounts as low as $25. Forinstance, you can buy a $50 Series EE bond for $25, and at maturity you canredeem it for $50. As a result, savings bonds still make good gifts forchildren planning to attend a college or technical school. That is not all. We will write a custom essay on What are Savings Bonds? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Savings bonds have at least two more advantages. They can provide a taxshelter; for instance, you would not pay income tax on the earnings ofSeries EE bonds until you redeemed the bonds. In addition, savings bondsare easy to acquire from a variety of resources. Besides being extremelyeasy to acquire, a savings bond offers another attractive purchasingfeature: no sellers fees. Unlike stock purchases, there are no fees orcommissions that add to the purchase price. Where do you buy Savings bonds? Savings bonds are sometimes availablethrough a payroll deduction plan at work. Also you could purchase them at avariety of government offices and financial institutions: Banks, CreditUnions, Federal Reserve banks and branches by phone or mail only (TheFederal Reserve no longer provides a walk-in service), and the Bureau ofPublic Debt. Anyone who bought or received a savings bond before 1980, they owned aSeries E or Series H savings bond. That year, Series EE and Series HH bondsreplaced the original series. The two current series offer a differentmaturity and interest rate. In 1998, the U.S. Government introducedinflation-indexed Series I bonds. The U.S. Government issues Series EEbonds at one-half their face value, which ranges from $50 to $10,000. Atmaturity, you can redeem the bonds at their face value. You may buy up to aface value maximum of $30,000 in Series EE bonds annually. Series EE bondsearn interest for 30 years. Series HH bonds earn interest for 20 years. You can acquire Series HH bonds only through an exchange of your Series Eor Series EE bonds. A minimum acquisition is $500. Other denominationsissued are $1,000, $5,000, and $10,000. Unlike Series EE bonds, youpurchase Series HH bonds at their full face value and thereafter receiveregular interest payments. Series I bonds also are sold at their full facevalue, beginning with a minimum denomination of $50. Other denominationsare $75, $100, $200, $500, $1,000, $5,000, and $10,000. Like Series EEbonds, you receive the interest earned when you cash the bond. I bonds earninterest for 30 years. The current rate on Series EE bonds is 2.61 percent interest, throughApril 2004. New interest rates are announced twice a year and take effectMay 1 and November 1. If held for five years, Series EE bonds pay 90percent of the six-month average yield on five-year Treasury securities. .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 , .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .postImageUrl , .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 , .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:hover , .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:visited , .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:active { border:0!important; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:active , .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015 .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud426471c29406fc0d60859ebbb46e015:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Management EssayEarnings vary for Series EE bonds issued from 1980 to 1997. Many Series Ebonds have stopped paying interest. You receive the interest earned alongwith your principal when you cash in the bond. Series HH bonds pay a fixedrate of interest from the date you purchase the bonds. In August 2004 itwill be the last issue month for HH/H bonds. After August 31, 2004, no onewill be able to reinvest on HH/H or exchange their EE/E bonds for HH bonds. Series I bonds bought from May 1, 2003 through October 30, 2003 will earn4.66 percent interest for the first six months. The rate is a combinationof a fixed rate of 1.1 percent (fixed for the life of the bond) plus anadjustable rate (adjusted six months) based on inflation. You receive theinterest earned along with your principal when you cash in the bond. Thefederal government developed Series I bonds to assure investors a rate ofreturn above inflation. Historically, some savings bonds have, in reality,lost purchasing power during periods of high inflation. While savings bonds are intended to be long-term investments,eventually the time will come when we want to redeem them. Maybe we needthe money to return to school, for a long-awaited retirement cruise, or fora hundred and one other reasons. Generally, the easiest way to redeemsavings bonds is through a local bank, credit union, or other financialinstitution, although you also can contact the U.S. Bureau of Public Debtor the nearest Federal Reserve Bank. Redeeming savings bonds at a localfinancial institution is a simple and straightforward process. If you arenot the owner of the bonds, you will also have to establish that you areentitled to cash them. For example, you may be listed as a beneficiary onthe bonds of someone who has died and in addition can provide a deathcertificate of the former bond owner. In addition, you can redeem yourbonds for their full value, unless you have held them for less than fiveyears. In that case, there is a penalty equaling three months interest. For example, if you redeemed a Series EE bond that you had held for twoyears, you would receive interest for 21 months-not 24 months. In the other hand, before cashing your Series EE bonds, you have theopportunity to exchange them for Series HH bonds instead, especially ifthey are near maturity. Series HH bonds will pay twice-yearly interestpayments. In addition, exchanging Series E or EE bonds for HH bonds willcontinue to provide a tax shelter for the funds invested (Series I bondsmay not be exchanged for HH bonds.) In order to exchange Series E or EEbonds, they must be at least six months old (12 months old if purchasedFebruary 2003 and after). They also must be currently worth at least $500and must be exchanged within one year of maturity. Since Series HH bondsare available only in multiples of $500, you can elect to either receivesome of your Series E or EE investment in cash or pay additional funds inorder to acquire the HH bonds. For instance, if you want to exchange SeriesEE bonds worth $1,200 for Series HH bonds, you can receive either $1,000 inHH bonds and $200 cash or $1,500 in HH bonds with an additional payment of$300. There is no limit to the number of HH bonds own. The easiest way toexchange Series E or EE bonds for Series HH bonds is through a localfinancial institution, which can help with the paperwork and transmit yourapplication to a Federal Reserve Bank. Or, you can get an application andfile it yourself with the nearest Federal Reserve branch. .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f , .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .postImageUrl , .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f , .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:hover , .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:visited , .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:active { border:0!important; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:active , .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u65a9bf3e51f75cb9f2dc64e260938b3f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: rosa parks EssayWhile savings bonds do not earn high interest, the low interest rateis sometimes compensated by favorable tax terms. What specifically are thetax advantages? For starters, you do not pay any state or local taxes onthe earnings of any savings bonds you own. While you must pay federal taxeson the earnings of Series HH bonds in the year that you receive thatinterest, you can defer earnings and taxes on Series E, EE and I bonds forlong periods. Also, you can hold Series EE and I bonds for 30 years. Afterthat period, you can exchange Series EE bonds for HH Series bonds and thenhold them for another 20 years. After 20 years, you must redeem the HHbonds and finall y pay any taxes owed on the earnings from the old EE bonds. If you buy Series EE or Series I bonds in the name of your child and redeemthe bonds while the child is still your dependent, you will pay taxes onthe earnings at the childs rate. The childs rate may be 0 percent if thechilds total unearned income is $700 or less; in any case, it is almostcertainly less than your tax rate. In 1990, the Treasury Department established the Education Bond Program,which exempts savings bond earnings from federal tax if the bonds areredeemed to pay for qualified education expenses. To qualify for thisprogram, an adult age 24 or older must buy the bonds. He or she then mustredeem them and document tuition and certain other education-relatedexpenses. (Room, board, and books are not qualified.) If the value of thebonds redeemed is greater than the qualified expenses, only the proportionused for qualified expenses is tax-free. The full exclusion is also onlyavailable to single taxpayers with annual income below $53,100 and marriedpersons filing jointly with income below $78,350. Single taxpayers withincome of $67,250 or more and married persons filing jointly with income of$108,350 or more are ineligible for this program. As you can see, there can be many advantages to practice of givingsavings bonds each year or buying savings bonds. Besides offering severaltax advantages, savings bonds can provide a reasonable, inflation-indexedreturn and a steady investment vehicle for the long term and not to mentionthe safety and backing of a U.S. Government-issued security.

An book report about les miserable in a political fashion.

An book report about les miserable in a political fashion. Les MiserablesVictor Hugo was correct. Books like Les Miserables that reveal the corruption and evils of society will never be useless to us.The poverty of man still surrounds us today, over 100 years after Les Miserables was written. Poverty still pollutes the cities of America. One of Victor Hugo's main reasons for writing Les Miserables was to help people recognize that not everyone is as well off as they could be. Hugo showed the world that one man could make a difference. Jean Valjean, the main character in Les Miserables had huge impacts on everyone he came in contact with. Thankfully, there are actual people like Jean Valjean that help the homeless and the poor. Characters like Jean Valjean and people like Victor Hugo truly do inspire others to be better and to help the unfortunate. ("Household Economic Studies": 1-10) People in Africa, 3rd world countries, and even in America die each day due to malnutrition and starvation.Jean Paul Valjean.Fortunately, Les Miserables and boo ks like it can help people understand how important it is to help the less fortunate. Organizations such as the IRRI help feed the starving children and adults of these unfortunate countries.Cosette's childhood was dwarfed or shortened because of her life with the Thenardier's. Fortunately there are Child Protective Services who investigate abusive parents and if they are in fact abusive the children are taken away and put into a better home. Organizations such as the Child Protective Services prove that there are people like Jean Valjean who want to help children in need of better homes and better families. As you can see there are real life people like the character Jean Valjean who help the less fortunate lead better lives. Les Miserables shows us the evils of society. After we identify the...

Bilingualism is a natural phenomenon worldwide

Bilingualism is a natural phenomenon worldwide Bilingualism is a natural phenomenon worldwide. Unwittingly, however, monolingualism has been used as a standard to characterize and define bilingualism and multilingualism in linguistic research. Such a conception led to a â€Å"fractional† â€Å"irregular† and â€Å"distorted† view of bilingualism, which is becoming rapidly outmoded in the light of multipronged, rapidly growing interdisciplinary research. Other central concepts such as individuals† bilingual language attitudes, language choices, and consequences are addressed, which set bilinguals apart from monolinguals. Language acquisition is as much an innate, biological, as social phenomenon. Political bilingualism refers to the language policies of a country. Unlike individual bilingualism, categories such as monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual nations do not reflect the actual linguistic situation in a particular country (Edwards, 2004/2006; Romaine, 1989/1995). Hong Kong, for instance, is officially recognized as a bilingual country. This means that Hong Kong promotes bilingualism as a language policy of the country as well as in its society as a whole. English and Chinese are official languages. By no means does it imply that most speakers in Hong Kong are bilinguals. In fact, monolingual countries may reflect a high degree of bilingualism. Multilingual countries such as South Africa, Switzerland, Finland and Canada often use one of the two approaches—â€Å"Personality† and â€Å"Territorial†Ã¢â‚¬â€to ensure bilingualism. The Personality principle aims to preserve individual rights (Extra Gorter, 2008) while the Territorial principle ensure s bilingualism or multilingual within a particular area to a variable degree, as in the case of Belgium. In India, where 23 languages are officially recognized, the government’s language policies are very receptive to multilingualism. The â€Å"three-language formula† is the official language policy of the country (Annamalai, 2001). In addition to learning Hindi and English, the co-national languages, school children can learn a third language spoken within or outside their state. To my personal opinion, bilinguals can move between one or more language models as required for the production, comprehension, and processing of verbal messages in a most cost-effective and efficient way. Bilingualism is a natural phenomenon worldwide. Unwittingly, however, monolingualism has been used as a standard to characterize and define bilingualism and multilingualism in linguistic research. Such a conception led to a â€Å"fractional† â€Å"irregular† and â€Å"distorted† view of bilingualism, which is becoming rapidly outmoded in the light of multipronged, rapidly growing interdisciplinary research. Other central concepts such as individuals† bilingual language attitudes, language choices, and consequences are addressed, which set bilinguals apart from monolinguals. Language acquisition is as much an innate, biological, as social phenomenon.

Opertaing a small rural-based business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Opertaing a small rural-based business - Essay Example (Landstorm, pp. 13-14, 2005) In particular, SMEs play a significant role in the contribution to rural economy. Since few years, sector of rural-based tourism has developed and grown progressively in the country. Certain limits related to the annual turnover or the number of employees have been defined and described in every country, in order to identify the definition the small and medium enterprises. However, every country has its economy, and thus, definition of the abovementioned term has been provided by various trade organizations according to their terms and conditions. In this regard, these enterprises have been abbreviated by SME by some of the major trade organizations, as well as, unions, such as, the World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the European Union. For instance, a limit of five hundred employees was put on the German companies according to their traditional definition. On the other hand, a limit of only hundred employees was the standard for becoming SME in the Belgium. (Hall, pp. 49-50, 1997) In this paper, we will try to discuss different steps that can be taken to establish and operate small rural-based business in particularly, tourism sector of the United Kingdom. Every business confronts different threats and weaknesses during various business processes; however, establishment of a business brings new opportunities and strengths that will be discussed in this paper as well. The importance of the small business sector in tourism sector of the country will be highlighted during this paper, and few implications will be provided during the study. In the United Kingdom, magnitude of the annual balance sheet, annual turnover, and number of employees are considered during the evaluation of a small business firm statistically. In detail, small business firms have been categorized according to their volume. For instance,

Enhancing Security in System Administration Assignment

Enhancing Security in System Administration - Assignment Example Contextually, it can be affirmed that an operating system is usually viewed to be one of the major fundamental aspects concerning improving the security of every computing system by a considerable level. It can be argued in this similar regard that secured programs require safe operating system and ignorance of this may lead to failure. In other words, operating systems must be capable of ensuring effective execution of various programs as well as mechanisms effectively and most vitally enabling high performance use of various computer resources. Ensuring secure performance of all operational processes largely relies on accurate implementation of different hardware resources and scheduling mechanisms (Jaeger, 2008). Specially mentioning, the security threats associated with various system administrators are recently receiving increasing attention driven by series of events resulting in significant damage due to security threats. The primary challenges related with system administrato r can be attributed by taking into concern certain significant aspects like security and manageability. In practice, operating systems require various tasks that need to be executed in order to make sure that the system operations impose extensive impact on sensitive user data and process. For instance, adding and removing various software systems and drivers may result in causing the user data to be at risk through corruption, leakages and losses (Scarfone, Janseen & Tracy, 2012).) With this concern, the primary purpose of this paper is to develop, document and assess best practices for server deployment and administration that would eventually support and enhance the security of Megacorp towards upgrading its new operating system. 1. Enhancing Security a. Before Server Deployments Deployment of servers in any organization is costly and daunting. The servers provide broad array of services to internal as well as external users and stores along with delivers different sensitive info rmation to the organizations. Moreover, servers are frequently introduced by the intruders in order to gain unauthorized access of valuable data and other services. There exist certain few common threats to servers that have been represented below: Malicious objects may use software bugs in the server or its operating system in order to gain unofficial access to the server Denial of service (DoS) might also be directed to secondary network infrastructure, deterring the valid users to execute the server services Sensitive information stored in the main server may get access by the intruders or may change in an unauthorized manner Sensitive data or information that are transferred or encrypted amid the servers and thus the client may get interrupted by unauthorized users. Correspondingly, it can be admitted that it is often more difficult to address the security of servers after the deployment or the implementation of effective operation systems. Thus, security should be prudently mea sured from the preliminary stage of planning. It is essential to make effective decisions about determining the configurations of various information systems appropriately and consistently in order to ensure effective outcome of the deployment plan. It has been ascertained that organizations often fail to address dissimilar human resource associated

Religion Definition Essay Example for Free

Religion Definition Essay 1. What is a religion? You’ve read our textbook author’s definition; use that definition as a starting point to go further. The word â€Å"religion† is such a broad word that to this day there is no one definition that can satisfy all religions. For the time being, it is better to simply be open to many possible definitions, without embracing any single one. Different people especially in different religions will all have a difference in opinion when trying to use very few words to define religion. The traditional definition of religion is a system of belief that involves worship of a God or gods, prayer, ritual, and a moral code. Religion is important to many people because it gives them something to believe in. Religion helps human deal with their mortality. As human beings, we look to religion for answers to life’s unexpected or unknown questions such as death, pain, afterlife, or rebirth. Religion has a way of helping us deal with death and offers comfort. Religion also helps us be creativity and express ourselves through music, dance, and art. It gives us a sense of viewing life as something beautiful and lively. People who have a religion usually are more happy knowing that they life can reflect something of the supernatural that they do not understand. Through art, we get to express how we are feeling on the inside. Many people use music, dance, and art to show others what they cannot express through words. Religion gives them a sense of confident. 2. Discuss some of the characteristics that religions have in common. Some characteristics that religions have in common are: belief system, community, central myths, ritual, characteristic emotional experiences, material expression, and sacredness. Not all religions will consist of all elements but rather some of these characteristics are commonly accepted. Many believe in a worldview were all things in the universe and human being has a place in it. Humans need of belonging helps them seek out for a community where they can belong too and share their ideals and practices. Many religions have this so people can rely on one another. Other characteristics that are shared in religions are passed down from generations to generations through stories or reenactment of major events in the religious group. Each religion has its own myth that is central to the religion. Not only are myths passed down but rituals as well. These beliefs are enacted and made real through ceremonies. Also, ethics are passed down which are set guidelines for the group of people; these are viewed as being revealed through a supernatural realm. Religions also allow people to express themselves emotionally and give a sense of inner peace that cannot come from outer resources. Material expression allows religions to make use of astonishing variety of physical elements. Each religion has a source of sacredness that is distinctive from the ordinary. Ceremonies express the distinction through different language, clothing, and architecture. Each tradition exhibit most of these characteristics but for those who practice them will manifest them in different ways and at different times. 3. In addition to characteristics in common among religions, there are some patterns with regard to beliefs, world views, etc., that are exhibited by most religions. Discuss these patterns. There are three different patterns that we look for to see similarity and difference among religions. The first pattern is views of the world and life. Religions must offer answers to life’s great questions that are asked. All questions are the same, but the answers very depending on the religion. Because of the great variety of worldview each answer is different and must be examined close to get a better understanding of why it is the way it is. Some religion view the universe as being created by a Creator while others believe it has no beginning and no ending. Some view nature as the realm of evil where it needs to be overcome. Others believe that humans are called to shape it. Each view differs from religion to religion. The second pattern is the focus of beliefs and practices. There are three concepts that are practiced, although one may be more dominant than the other depending on the purpose of importance. Sacramental orientation emphasizes carrying out rituals and ceremonies regularly and correctly as the path to salvation. Some believe that correct ritual influences the processes of nature. Prophetic orientation implies that a human being may be an important intermediary between the believer and the sacred. This is prominent in Judaism, Protestant Christianity, and Islam. Mystical orientation seeks union with something greater such as God, nature, the universe, or reality as a whole. Upanishadi Hinduism, Daoism, and some Buddhism stress the importance of this. The third pattern is the view of male and female. As human being the role of men and women are very important and religion has had much to say about the roles of men and women on earth and in the divine realm. Today many influential religions consider the male as dominate; the sacred and full-time religious specialists are usually males. Although this may not be completely true, in the past, female divinities once played an important role in many culture and religion. 4. Having discussed in last week’s Discussion Board postings your own reasons for taking this World Religions course, discuss some of the benefits of studying the major religions of the world cited by our textbook author. Studying the different religions around the world allows for a better understanding of each religion and helps educate and improve one’s experience of other related subjects. When studying other religion it allows insights into the religious traditions such as values, relationships, personalities, and human creativity. Not only that but it gives the outsiders an appreciation for the things that are not obvious to the insider. Other benefits include insight into everyday life. Religions influence everyday life in many ways. Many people use religion for moral issues, on buildings, comic strips. The study of religion with help a person recognizes the religious influence everywhere. For someone who has no religion or is on their religious quest, understanding and studying the many different religions will help them find a place to belong too. Knowledge of the different religion will aid a person in their journey of life. Short Answer Questions: 5. What is the origin and meaning of the word â€Å"religion†? The origin of the word â€Å"religion† comes from the Latin roots re-, meaning â€Å"again,† and lig-, meaning â€Å"join† or â€Å"connect.† The translation would then mean â€Å"to join again,† or â€Å"to reconnect.† This word suggests the joining of our natural, human world to the sacred world. 6. What is the meaning of â€Å"sacred†? Sacred is a God or gods that is set apart because of its holiness. These deities are considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion. 7. Define and contrast monotheism and polytheism. Monotheism is the term that means a belief in one God. Those who believe in God believe that He is all powerful, pure spirit, and not fully definable in words. Polytheism on the other hand means worship of or believing in many coexisting gods. These multiple gods may be fairly separate entities, each in charge of an aspect of reality, or they may be multiple manifestations of the same basic sacred reality. 8. Define and contrast atheism and agnosticism. Atheism is the denial of the existence of any God or gods. Agnosticism is to argue that the existence of God cannot be proven. 9. How are symbols used in religion? Symbols are important in religion because religions are so varied in their teachings and in conflict with each other that symbols help express truth. Symbols are fairly concrete, ordinary, and universal that represents and helps human beings intensely experience something of greater difficulty. 10. What is a sacrament? Give two or three examples of sacraments in a religion with which you are familiar. A sacrament is a religious rite or act seen as way of receiving Gods grace. In some mysterious way God uses physical things to bring about spiritual changes and give His grace. As a Christian, a few sacraments that we hold are: baptism, communion, and fasting. These are all important in receiving God’s grace. 11. Contrast linear and cyclical time in the study of religion. Linear time place an emphasis on creation, religions that believe in this is Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, time is very important. Linear time means moving in a straight line from the beginning of the universe to its end. In cyclical time, the universe simply moves through endless changes, which repeat themselves over grand periods of time. Buddhism believes time is cyclical and is not as crucial because ultimately the universe is not moving to a final point.

Extinction Of Dinosaurs Essay -- essays research papers

Extinction of Dinosaurs Two-hundred and thirty million years ago the first dinosaur-like creature roamed the earth. Within five million years it could be considered a dinosaur. They were soon at the top of the food chain. They populated every continent. Then 65 million years ago they vanished. The most powerful creatures ever to live on earth had become extinct. Dinosaurs were not the only victims of this "mass extinction." There were many other species that were killed off. During what is known as the K-T extinction (K stands for Cretaceous, T stands for Tertiary), many species and families became extinct. These include all marine reptiles such as plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, ichthyosaurs, and ammonites, swimming and flying reptiles, sea crocodiles, and foraminifera. In addition to that there were many bony fish, sponges, snails, clams, and sea urchins became extinct. Paleontologists have proposed scenarios that could have caused these extinctions. One such scenario involves the growing number of small mammals which ate dinosaur eggs, and therefore caused the dinosaurs' birth rate to drop. The birth rate became smaller than the death rate and the dinosaurs died out. This, however, is not a plausible scenario. This would only account for the dinosaurs, but not all the other creatures of that time. Paleontologists needed to come up with a more plausible and de...

Marvin Bower

The late Marvin Bower, who transformed McKinsey & Co. into one of the best management consulting firms in the world, said that the â€Å"ability to inspire and require workers to be their best is the greatest resource of any business, and that the rewards for doing so include growth for the business itself, and growth in competitive position, size, and profits† (Edersheim, 2004, p. 65). Much literature about theories of motivation and work relate to the subject of inspiring employees to do their best (Gagne and Deci, 2005; Ambrose and Kulik, 1999). This paper explores how managers can use theories of motivating employees to make the workplace better, more profitable, and efficient. A manager’s job is to get things done through their employees, so knowing how to motivate employees is always a challenge that has never been easy. Many changes driven by worldwide social and economic forces are happening at the workplace. The end of the Cold War in the early 1990s and the globalization of businesses are transforming corporations – public and private, large and small – in a radical way (Stiglitz, 2002). Global competition and the rise of democracy are pressuring companies to be more competitive, agile, and lean, changing the nature of organizational structures and the relationships between managers and workers (Micklethwait & Wooldridge, 2000). Another change agent is the progress of information and communications technology, especially the Internet and mobile computing, which has altered the nature of communication within the organization and the quality of the workforce. Workers are more educated and knowledgeable, able to gain quick access to information and perform knowledge-based tasks in an atmosphere of teamwork and collaboration (Heerwagen, Kelly, & Kampshroer, 2005). As the workplace structure and the workers themselves change, management faces the problem posed by Gerstner (2002) after a successful ten-year effort to bring IBM Corporation out of a crisis: -How do you pull the levers of motivation to change the attitudes, behavior, and thinking of a population? Of course, different people are motivated by different things. Some by money. Some by advancement. Some by recognition. For some, the most effective motivation is fear – or anger. For others, that doesn’t (sic) work; it’s learning, or the opportunity to make an impact, to see their efforts produce concrete results. Most people can be roused by the threat of extinction. And most can be inspired by a compelling vision of the future. Over the past ten years, I’ve pulled most of those levers (p. 203). Effectively changing the attitudes, behavior, and thinking of workers demands that a manager knows what levers of motivation to pull in the first place. Much research has been done to identify empirically-proven theories and methods that managers can use to motivate their employees (Gagne and Deci, 2005, p. 333). Maslow proposed that a person is motivated by satisfying five levels of human needs: (1) physiological (hunger and thirst); (2) safety (bodily); (3) social (friendship and affiliation); (4) esteem (for oneself and others); and (5) self-actualization (growth and realization of potential) (Chapman, 2004a). Herzberg stated that work satisfaction results from the presence of hygiene factors like salary, status, working conditions, supervisor and management, security, relationship with subordinates, and policies, and motivational factors like achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, and personal growth. A worker will be satisfied if the motivation factors are met (Chapman, 2004c). According to Adams’s Equity Theory, what workers put into their work (inputs) is fairly balanced with what they expect to get out of it (outputs). Motivation will get the most out of employee inputs like personal effort and hard work by making the employee see it balanced by outputs (salary, benefits, and intangibles like praise and achievement) (Chapman, 2004b). Vroom’s Expectancy Theory states that three factors should be present for motivation to take place: valence (value placed on the expected reward), expectancy (belief that efforts are linked to performance), and instrumentality (belief that performance is related to rewards). Knowing each employee’s valence and expectancy, and showing the instrumentality between the two, will help the manager trigger the motivation of the employee. Porter and Lawler built on Vroom’s theory by proposing a model of intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, which states that people are intrinsically motivated if they do something they find interesting and from which they derive satisfaction, and that people are extrinsically motivated if they do the activity because they are satisfied with the tangible or verbal rewards attached (Gagne and Deci, 2005, p. 331). Schwab (1985) equates this with Herzberg’s motivation (intrinsic) and hygiene (extrinsic) factors but contemporary authors claim that it is closer to Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (Ambrose and Kulik, 1999, p. 257). All these theories may be said to be based on Skinner’s reinforcement theory, which states that behavior can be shaped, changed or maintained through the use of positive and negative reinforcement, implying that a person can behave in a certain way through the use of motivational levers. Motivation can be used to improve employee performance and productivity. As Bruce and Pepitone (1999, pp. 38-42) point out, employees can be motivated to do their work better, that is, improve their work performance, and to work more efficiently and more effectively, that is, improve their productivity. One way is to share information (like profit and loss or quality of service) on how your department is doing in comparison with others in or outside the company. Asking employees to help you solve a problem appeals to their need for self-actualization (Maslow) and helps them set high personal standards of growth and potential. You may motivate them with bonuses (Vroom’s rewards or Adams’s outputs) they will get if performance improves.   Use the tools depending on what you think your employees need. This first step can make your employees want to improve their performance and be more productive. Getting employees warmed up is good, but it is not enough. After getting them initially motivated, the manager has to help each one establish and achieve higher goals. Motivation can be a useful tool in goal-setting by pointing out targets that will bring employees out of their comfort zones to attain personal growth. Hiam (1999, pp. 213-216), warning us against confusing goal-setting sessions with employee manipulation, states that the motivational key is to make employee realize that aiming for a higher goal is good for different reasons, presenting both tangible (pay raise and bonus) and intangible (self-esteem and personal growth) rewards. Some employees are motivated by financial rewards, but many are equally motivated by seeing that their work is meaningful (Hiam, 1999, p. 222). In discussing the rewards of work, Bruce and Pepitone (1999, p.53) state that if employees are properly motivated and helped by their managers to aim for higher goals and succeed in achieving it, employees will feel that the work they do is fun and enjoyable, making it part of the reward itself that they are willing to share with the organization.   In effect, work becomes its own reward. Heller (1998, p.43) adds that motivation is a useful tool not only when setting higher work performance goals but in assessing the success or failure of employee efforts. Employee evaluation and assessment can be a forum for further motivation in two areas: to encourage the employee to build on strengths and accomplishments, leading the way for higher levels of future performance, or for helping the employee overcome personal weaknesses that hamper job performance. Through the use of positive reinforcement (praise and encouragement for success and achievement) and negative reinforcement (suggestions for improvement or behavioral change), managers can sustain organizational morale and help employees overcome falling enthusiasm or a lack of personal ambition. Hiam (1999, p. 122) notes that positive feedback (â€Å"You can do it because you’re good enough †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) is more motivating than negative feedback (â€Å"Why can’t you do something that others can?†) and encourages managers to use positive reinforcement to build up employee motivation and morale, although negative reinforcement (not the same as negative feedback) may be helpful for disciplining or correcting employees. Boosting self-confidence is one of the best ways to maintain high levels of motivation in employees (Bruce & Pepitone, 1999, p. 114). The reason is that people grow in confidence when they see that someone, especially one in a position of authority, believes in them. This creates expectations that, as we learn from Vroom and Porter, motivate people. Therefore, a manager who believes in his employees can sustain high levels of motivation. Doing the opposite (showing lack of confidence and trust) can be fatal for the organization and the career of a manager whose task is to motivate and, therefore, trust and believe in his employees. It is a scientifically-proven fact that men and women are different (Ridley, 1999). They differ also in their motivation styles. Several studies (Su and Bradberry, 2004; Marano, 2003; Sachs, 1995) show how women and men differ (for example, women are more intuitive and perceptive, while men are more systematic and rules-based) in their communication and social skills, vital for the process of motivation. While men find it easier to motivate using the basic needs and tangible rewards, and women may be better at using higher level needs and intangible factors, all good managers, regardless of gender, should combine the ability to motivate using all the tools available (Gerstner, 2002; Sachs, 1995). References Ambrose, M. L. & Kulik, C. T. (1999). Old friends, new faces: motivation research in the 1990s.   Journal of Management. 25, 231-292. Bruce, A. and Pepitone, J. (1999).   Motivating Employees.   New York: McGraw-Hill. Chapman, A.   (2004a).   Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.   Retrieved November 11, 2005, from http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm Chapman, A. (2004b).   Adams’ Equity Theory. Retrieved November 11, 2005, from   http://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htm Chapman, A.   (2004c).   Frederick Herzberg’s Motivational Theory. Retrieved November 11, 2005, from http://www.businessballs.com/herzberg.htm Edersheim, E. H.   (2004).   McKinsey’s Marvin Bower.   Vision, Leadership, and the Creation of Management Consulting.   (pp. 41-65).   New Jersey: John Wiley. Gagne, M. and Deci, E.L. (2005).   Self-determination theory and work motivation.   Journal of Organizational Behavior.   26, 331-362. Retrieved November Gerstner, L. V. Jr. (2002).   Who Says Elephants Can’t Dance?   (p. 203). New York: HarperCollins. Heerwagen, J., Kelly, K., and Kampshroer, K. (2005).   The Changing Nature of Organizations, Work, and Workplace. National Institute of Building Sciences.   Retrieved November 12, 2005, from http://www.wbdg.org/design/chngorgwork.php Heller, R. (1998).   Essential Managers: Motivating People. (1st American ed.)   D. Tombesi-Walton (Ed.). New York: DK. Hiam, A. (1999).   Streetwise Motivating and Rewarding Employees.   Holbrook, MA: Adams. Marano, H. E. (July-August 2003). The New Sex Scorecard. Psychology Today.   Retrieved November 15, 2005, from http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/pto-2832.html Micklethwait, J. and Wooldridge, A.   (2000).   A Future Perfect.   The Challenge and Hidden Promise of Globalization. (pp. 122-139). New York: Crown. Ridley, M. (1999).   Genome, The autobiography of a species in 23 chapters. (pp. 216-218). New York: HarperCollins. Sachs, M. (1995). Men and women communication styles. Retrieved November 14, 2005, from http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/5000/5280.html Schwab, D. P. (1985).   Motivation in Organizations.   In L. R. Bittel and J. E. Ramsey (Eds.), Handbook for Professional Managers. (p. 585).   New York: McGraw-Hill. Stiglitz, J. E.   (2002).   Globalization and its Discontents.   (pp. 21-22). London: Penguin. Su, L. D. and Bradberry, T. (2004).   EQ and Gender: Women Feel Smarter.   Retrieved November 15, 2005, from   https://www.talentsmart.com/media/uploads/EQ_and_Gender.pdf Wikipedia (2005).   Retrieved November 12, 2005, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/   

Analysis on Empire of the Sun

G. Ballard who Is portrayed as Jamie In the movie(Breadline 1). At the beginning of the movie. While the mall character Jamie Is In his hotel room, he sees that the Japanese ships are attacking American ships that are docked at the harbor in Shanghai(Breadline 1). Japan also used aircrafts to bomb China(Dunn 1). Like most Americans, when a war begins they are scared, running for shelter and trying to get out of harms way. At any place or time when a war would begin, the actions of people would be the same as this movie portrayed it to be.In Empire of he Sun, people were screaming, running down streets and ducking from bullets as they were flying through the air. Since the war took place In 1941 the ships are very old, not as equips as they are today nor are they technologically advanced as the ships are now. Airplanes in this movie were also less sophisticated then they are today. The older aircrafts randomly dropped bombs in hopes of hitting a target, since then,aircrafts can drop b ombs with pinpoint accuracy(Dunn 2). In one scene, when planes were flying so low Jamie had to duck while he was standing on a alcohol.Today's airplanes can be thousands of feet In the alarm but still get the Job done on the ground. Near the middle of the movie, right after Jamie meets two American Merchant Seaman named Franks and Basis, all three get captured by the Japanese soldiers and are sent too detention center where they lived for four years. Japanese soldiers went around capturing civilians who were not Japanese. There were more than 14,000 white people in these camps(History on the Net 1). The detention center In the movie Is portrayed exactly how they were In the war.The centers are ridden with diseases, no food or water, ripped or warn out clothing and very tight quarters. For example, there could be as many as 10 men in a 16 X 16 foot room at the camp(Harris 1). One in every three people died of starvation(History on the Net 1). That is exactly how it was in real life f or captured civilians. The movie showed how horribly harsh it was to live in a detention center during the war, but Jamie seemed to like it. The scene Is historically accurate because the American planes had bombed the camp to gain control.At the end of the movie James camp was rescued by American soldiers that took all the kids from the POP camp to a hospital camp to find their parents. Waiting outside the camp, Jamie is hoping his parents would arrive. Being captured for that many years, people's appearances changes especially one of a child. The scene depicted many happy kids being reunited with their parents as was Jasmine's feeling when he finally found his parents. Being separated from his parents at ten Declining AT ten war Ana Delving alone Tort Tour years, en may now want to stay lose to their side until he is an adult.Sometimes there is good that comes out of a war as in this movie where soldiers and nurses will do whatever it takes to reunite love ones. In all, the movie is a historically accurate film based on a true story from war time. It shows scenes that the director wants to portray correctly. The director shows how a child must learn to grow up very quick and learn how to survive. This director also showed how war was different in 1941 to today in regards to how the ships and airplanes differ from then and now.

42432 Essays - Epistemologists, Rationalists, Ren Descartes

42432 Essays - Epistemologists, Rationalists, Ren Descartes 42432 art I: List at least four differences between Descartes and Locke on how we obtain knowledge. For Descartes, (1) knowledge relies completely on utter certainty. Because perception is undependable, (2) knowledge cannot come from our five senses. Descartes believes knowledge can come from experience and deduction. But for this philosopher, (3) he does not believe we gain knowledge from the outside world. Therefore it must come from within. In light to how we view things, Descartes believes that deduction ``can never be performed wrongly by an intellect which is in the least degree rational'', so deductive knowledge is (the only) certain knowledge. Such a system requires a basis of intuitively understood principles from which knowledge can be deduced. (4) He believes that there are some principles which are automatically known, just like the idea of the existence of ourselves and that of God's existence, these are principles which are ``revealed to [us] by natural light'' and ``cannot in any way be open to doubt''. In the end Descartes sees these principles as innate. On the opposite end, John Locke believes something completely different. (1) For starters, he does not believe that knowledge is certain, but that it is just is highly probable. He goes on to say that (2) knowledge comes from our fives sensations or our five senses. Those five senses come from the outside world. Locke disagrees with Descartes when he s...

Psychologists and Jury Selection Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Psychologists and Jury Selection - Term Paper Example The researcher states that in case such as Bruno Hauptmann, there could be strong public mood against the accused which could influence the jury to convict the innocent. Here, the jurists’ personality characteristics and traits might play an important role. In a media intensity society, it is particularly true as it often wages psychological wars to mobilize public opinion over what it considers as truth. The trial of O. J. Simpson was characterized by ‘continued media interest and public fascination with his actions and statements. The belief that â€Å"he got away with murder† even led to proposals to reform and restrict the jury system’. The certainty necessary to punish nay accused could be accumulated by the jurists based on their prejudices and worldview. Most importantly, according to Greene et.al, ‘truth is elusive, and in the legal system, all truth seekers are subject to human error, even though the system seems to assume that they approach infallibility. The failure to achieve perfection in our decision making will become evident as the steps in the trial process are reviewed’. Jury sentiments are directly a product of jurists’ opinions, attitudes and beliefs. Attorneys have two options for selecting new juries. First of all, a panel of prospective jurors need to be identified which is known as venire. Secondly, ‘a process known as voir dire is employed to question and select the eventual jurors’. It involves every jurist telling truth about himself/herself. This process naturally involves elimination as the jurists who hold biases over a particular case are dismissed from the trial. Only the ones who hold a free mind and free from limitations are selected. There is a difference between judges’ decisions and Juries’ decisions. It has been found that â€Å"citizens believe a jury decision offers more procedural fairness (greater thoroughness, better representation of the commun ity, fewer personal biases affecting decisions) than a decision by a judge†. Jury sentiments are the major cause for the discrepancies in the judicial verdicts. In their famous survey, ‘Kalven and Zeisel, after reviewing the multitude of discrepancies, used this term to cover all trials in which, in the judge’s view, the jury’s verdict was detrimentally determined by factors beyond the evidence and the law’. Especially in victimless crimes, there could a stronger tendency for sentiments towards the culprit. In some cases, if the case gets more social importance through media intervention, the number of jurists may be relatively high. It is very difficult even to keep the jury selection procedure just as it would involve discrimination against minority religions, races, nationalities and other cognizable groups.

Analysis paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis paper 2 - Essay Example Though born and raised as a girl, her sexual orientation started changing when she was in high school, always opting to express masculine characteristics, despite the fact that she had male testosterone hormones that would make her sexually function as a man. At birth, she was given a female name, Teena Brandon, which she reversed later on, to adapt the name Brandon Teena, which would display her as a man. However, a brother of a woman she once dated discovered that she was anatomically female, an incident that forces her to run away from her childhood neighborhood, to Falls City, Nebraska where she forges friendship with an ex-convict male John Lotter and his friends Nissen, Candace and Lana, a woman with whom Brandon later establishes a romantic relationship (Shamir and Jennifer, 59). Lana is unaware of the biological sex and the female anatomical body characteristics of Brandon, until Brandon is arrested and charged in a court of law, for some crime she had previously committed. T his presents the perfect opportunity for the biological sex of Brandon to be revealed, since she is placed in a female prison section, and identified by her female birth name, Teena Brandon (Shamir and Jennifer, 21). Lana bails Brandon out and on questioning her why she had been placed in the female section of the cell, she lies to her that she was a hermaphrodite, and was in the process of securing a Sex reassignment surgery, would leave her as a man. However, the media reporting through a newspaper publishes the case of Brandon arrest, incidentally identifying her by her female birth name. This raises suspicion amongst her male friends, who then seizes an opportunity to force her to undress and showcase her real sex even to her girlfriend, Lana (Shamir and Jennifer, 77). The two male friends; Lotter and Nissen subsequently forces her into a car and take her to a secluded place, where they raped her and threatened her not to raise the issue with the police. However, her girlfriend implored on her to file a report with the police, something that she does. Eventually the two friends who had raped her realize it, and make a plan to murder her. They eventually execute the plan and shot her and her friend Candace, while Lana is left crying over her dead body, having been unable to protect them from killing her friends. Analysis The film, Boys Don't Cry (1999), is a wholesomely gendered piece, revolving around the life of a female, who is uncomfortable with her biological sex status, and is striving to forge a different identity as a male, an attempt that finally leads to her loss of life. In this film, the position of the female is a subordinate to that of the female, and the male dominates the society, through doing everything as they please, while the female gender must conform to a certain social path. The problem in this case is that Brandon, the main character in the film is dominated by the estrogen Hormone, which makes her a non-operative transgendered fema le-to-male individual. Through the dominance of the estrogen Hormone, Brandon is anatomically female, and she struggles very

Critically evaluate the role of e-Business adoption models to assess Essay

Critically evaluate the role of e-Business adoption models to assess exisiting eBusiness capabilities of SMEs and make recommendations for future strategy and investment - Essay Example In the olden stages of business, the manufacturer used traditional methods of marketing with advertising in the print and electronic media (Shima & Varfan 2008). And traditional methods uses different channels of distribution such as â€Å"wholesalers and retailers† (Bernard et al. 2010). Thus it involves a huge cost of distribution. The functioning of the business based on the â€Å"Internet and web based technology† is termed as E-business (Andam 2003, p. 5). As the technology advances day by day, it is better to adopt these changes to be successful in the business sector in terms of production and marketing. E-business helps in marketing through reducing the advertisement cost by reaching out to the people â€Å"globally† through the internet by search engines such as Yahoo, Google etc (Chapter 1: Introduction to E-business and e-Commerce n.d.). Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have low man-power and low capital compared to large scale companies. Usually SMEs face difficulties at their initial stage of establishment. Since SMEs play a major role in the economic development of the country, a special â€Å"priority† has to be provided (The New SME Definition User Guide and Model Declaration 2005). Hence a study has to be made on the E-business model and the best among them can be adopted for the enhancement of SMEs. The cost of production and distribution is applicable to both large scale and small scale organizations. But the â€Å"SMEs† face more difficulties in raising funds as their amount of investment is very low (Promoting Entrepreneurship and Innovative SMEs in a Global Economy: Towards a More Responsible and Inclusive Globalisation 2004). At present the big and branded companies use â€Å"online marketing† as a selling method, which reduces their huge marketing cost (Eriksen & Hemmingsen n.d.). This technique can be also used by the SMEs. It involves the â€Å"electronic transactions† between a company and the third party (Myers, Fletcher & Gordon

Philosophy Of Education Paper Essay Example for Free

Philosophy Of Education Paper Essay As with any successful profession, there must be a strong foundation on which  to build upon. This foundation in the field of education is your personal philosophy of education. Successful teaching includes diversity of every student’s backgrounds, and levels of ability. Without losing sight of goals, my beliefs of teaching and learning are very specific. First, I believe every child deserves to receive an education. No matter their race or income, every child deserves to learn. The are innocent beings, and these children are going to be our future someday. More specifically, the philosophy that I would teach to my students would be Cultural Nationalism. â€Å"The cultural nationalist teacher focuses exclusively on the experience of the oppressed group as the center or pivot of the curriculum† (Asante, p. 4). I want to use what is going on in the world and focus on their cultural experience. This allows children from oppressed groups to feel nurtured in their school environment day by day. Another philosophy that I have is, I believe a teacher should make learning fun for his/her students. When children are having fun at school, It makes them want to come back and keep coming back. Regular curriculum can get pretty boring. Making the curriculum fun engages the students into learning, and helps them understand it better. Also, I believe in staying involved with professional development so we can continuously learn new things. It is important to me to keep using updated technology  in classrooms. â€Å"Matthew Arnold warned that faith in machinery was humankind’s greatest menace† (Postman, p. 36). I do not believe in what  Arnold stated. I think that new technology in the classrooms is constantly helping teachers and the whole education process. Next, I believe in striving to have positive relationships with students and parents. It is very important to have somewhat of a personal relationship with your students and their parents. It really shows that you care as a teacher. Developing positive relationships with your students allows you to understand them more. This allows you to figure out the best way to teach each and everyone of your students. There are times when we encounter students that require a little more effort than others. When we are faced with this type of situation teacher must reflect on the true meaning of teaching. This will enable the teacher to embrace the difference in the learning styles of students and allow the teacher to develop innovative strategies for reaching such a diverse population. Teachers should give all students the chance to let their creative juices flow. With a little nudge and some encouragement there is no end to what a student can do. Teachers must realize that the impact that we have on our students last a lifetime. I can always remember being told knowledge is power. This statement has been true for decades and surely will be true in the future.

Developing a Professional Identity as a Teacher

Developing a Professional Identity as a Teacher To me, motivation is the first and foremost driven force for a teacher to develop professional identity. If a person does not have the ambition for a profession, it is easy to drop the struggle in vein. Motivation can persist in form of altruistic, intrinsic, extrinsic reasons or combination of all among teachers to choose teaching as a profession. In an explanatory way, altruistic reasons: deal with seeing teaching as a socially worthwhile and important job, a desire to help children succeed and a desire to help society improve (Coulthard, 2000, p. 117, as cited in Thomson, Turner, Nietfeld, 2011). On another hand, intrinsic motivation is doing an activity for its inherent satisfaction rather than for some separable consequences. In contrast, extrinsic motivation is defined as doing an activity for the attainment of a separable outcome (Deci Ryan, 2000, p. 56, as cited in Thomson, Turner, Nietfeld, 2011). Vanessa, Early Childhood Teacher concluded that, passion to work with child ren and inspiration from teachers with whom she had worked or who shaped her educational degrees are the reasons to build an aspiration in her to choose teaching. To build a different bonding with the children and their parents along with an aim to keep the children the way they are have become the eternal visions to make a different difference in teaching sector, according to Vanessa (Vanessa, February,2015). On another note, Christine, Secondary School Teacher argued that, even though teaching was never a chosen profession beforehand, gradual interaction with learners in special education sector triggered herself to join teaching later on. Even though initially teaching was a platform to expose own creativity through making lesson plans or content structure, on the long way to journey, teaching had become synonymous of love for the students. To her, it is the best to become a mentor to show guidance being with them instead of having a superior position over them and this is how a teachers professional identity must develop by providing a sense of belongingness (Christine,February, 2015). So, visibly through the lens of shared experiences, for Vanessa, altruistic and intrinsic motivation have interplayed successfully where she held a desire to benefit children alongside the self-less affection for teaching, as a profession whereas in Christine, Intrinsic motivation made her heart placed into teaching. However, followed by motivation in the row second comes experience which is kind of an aspect, never to devalue in anyway. Experience which emends the professional identity of a teacher over time through increased knowledge and practice. It is the proficient journey which enacts professionalism of a person over others in a row. As a result of experience, teachers seem to have developed rich, well-organized knowledge bases that enable them to draw readily on their past experiences (Calderhead, 1996, as cited in Beijaard, Verloop, Vermunt, 1999 ). In this regard, arising frequent questions, taking risks, listening to the unheard sayings of children, and most importantly developing a relationship with colleagues to learn better are few steps to brighten as a pre-service teacher Christine (February, 2015). And these precious responses cannot be retrieved from anyone except having a profound professional identity enriched with experiences of trials and errors. This are experiences which help the teacher to realize which teaching methods will be useful or what content should be modified to feed the learners need efficiently. And also, the perk of experience lies in the fact that anyone can use experiences related to other aspects of life in teaching whenever needed and it is visible when Christine concluded that she had used problem solving skills of another course into her English teaching lessons. Another finding reveals that the experiences the participants had and the people they met during the teaching practice period were vital in shaping the way they valued themselves, including their commitment, motivation and the satisfaction of becoming a trainee teacher(Khalid, 2014). Learning theories shape the nature of learning, hence comes teaching. Teachers need to try, practice, and amend different theories of learning to finalize which suits the best for proper learning of the students since profound teaching is theory driven. Vanessa(February,2015) argues that Sociocultural frame of learning theory has made difference in her teaching because of which she turned out to be more accessible to childrens families than before; such theory complied her understanding of learning which is relational to the background of a student along with several other factors and materials of teaching itself. It had become easier for her to teach when her learners became more aware of their social and cultural existence where they belong to. Likewise, different learning theories may tailor the classroom teaching for another teacher. For example, Christine(February,2015) points out that Vygotskys theory has helped her to recognize her students individual goals to assess where the y are at present and where they need to be by moving forward. It has given her a wisdom of evaluating her learners along with summative and formative assessment of having personal conversations with them to recognize their skill levels. On a beneficial note, it helped to compare between where the students thought they were and where she thought they were and making further changes accordingly. Pedagogy is an umbrella term under which factors of different paradigms exist each of which are equally a necessity to develop a professional identity of an educator. It is the quality of pedagogy that most directly and most powerfully affects the quality of learning (Department of Education and Training [NSW] 2003, p. 4, as cited in Moss, 2016, p. 38). It vastly is a combination of how to teach and what to teach to the learners which determines the professional identity of a learner severely. It variably also includes physical and emotional environment in the class, class rules and discourse of the class, structure of groups works or working as groups (Nirenjan, 2017). In this regard, collaborative pedagogy helps to determine class rules which can lead to consistent discipline by providing dignity and respect to everyone to ensure social environment of a class by assuring proper class culture.